Examples of homolysis in the following topics:
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- Bond enthalpy is defined as the enthalpy change when a covalent bond is cleaved by homolysis.
- Bond enthalpy, also known as bond dissociation energy, is defined as the standard enthalpy change when a bond is cleaved by homolysis, with reactants and products of the homolysis reaction at 0 K (absolute zero).
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- Approximate homolysis temperatures at which half the bonds are cleaved in one hour are also given.
- Free radicals, produced by homolysis of C–C bonds, are known to be intermediates in these transformations.
- Studies of model alkanes have shown that highly substituted C–C bonds undergo homolysis more readily than do unbranched alkanes.
- Compounds having absorption bands in the visible or near ultraviolet spectrum may be electronically excited to such a degree that weak covalent bonds undergo homolysis.
- The covalent bonds that undergo homolysis are colored red, and the unpaired electrons in the resulting radicals are colored pink.
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- The concurrent formation of ester and dimeric cycloalkane products from acyl peroxides is common, and reflects a cage effect in homolysis reactions.
- When a pair of radicals is formed by homolysis, they are briefly held in proximity by the surrounding solvent molecules (the cage).
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- If a covalent single bond is broken so that one electron of the shared pair remains with each fragment, as in the first example, this bond-breaking is called homolysis.
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- The first occurs under relatively mild heating, but the second requires extreme heat and may well proceed by bond homolysis to a diradical.
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- Here the phenyl radical intermediate bonds to sulfur, followed by homolysis of the tert-butyl substituent.
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- As shown in the following diagram, the resulting pairs of hydrogen and chlorine atoms are the same "radicals" expected from homolysis of two hydrogen chloride molecules.
- Clearly, if we wish to minimize the ionic factors in BDE measurements, appropriate C–C homolysis studies must be conducted.