hemolysis

(noun)

The destruction of red blood cells from pathological causes, such as infection or immune system mediated damage.

Related Terms

  • agglutinate
  • complement system

Examples of hemolysis in the following topics:

  • Jaundice

    • Pre-hepatic jaundice is caused by anything leading to an increased rate of hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells).
    • In jaundice secondary to hemolysis, the increased production of bilirubin leads to the increased production of urine-urobilinogen.
  • Erythroblastosis Fetalis (Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn)

    • Hemolysis leads to elevated bilirubin levels.
    • In subsequent pregnancies, if there is a similar incompatibility in the fetus, these antibodies are then able to cross the placenta into the fetal bloodstream to attach to the red blood cells and cause hemolysis.
  • Unclassified and Uncultured Bacteria

    • Once a pathogenic organism has been isolated, it can be further characterized by its morphology, by growth patterns such as aerobic or anaerobic growth, by patterns of hemolysis and by staining.
  • ABC Transporters

    • In bacterial efflux systems, certain substances that need to be extruded from the cell include surface components of the bacterial cell (e.g. capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, and teichoic acid), proteins involved in bacterial pathogenesis (e.g. hemolysis, heme-binding protein, and alkaline protease), heme, hydrolytic enzymes, S-layer proteins, competence factors, toxins, antibiotics, bacteriocins, peptide antibiotics, drugs and siderophores.
  • Alteration of Membrane Permeability

    • The therapeutic use of gramicidin is limited to topical application, as it induces hemolysis in lower concentrations and then bacteria cell death, so cannot be administered internally.
  • Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

    • "HELLP" is an abbreviation of the three main features of the syndrome: Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count.
  • Anemia

    • The three main classes of anemia include excessive blood loss (acutely, such as a hemorrhage or chronically, through low-volume loss), excessive blood cell destruction (hemolysis), or deficient red blood cell production (ineffective hematopoiesis).
  • Nongenetic Categories for Medicine and Ecology

    • Once a pathogenic organism has been isolated, it can be further characterised by its morphology, growth patterns (aerobic or anaerobic), patterns of hemolysis, and staining.
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