dualism

Examples of dualism in the following topics:

• Studying the Brain

  • Dualism is the idea that the mind and the body are two separate entities.
  • Thus, the central claim of what is called Cartesian dualism is that the mind and the body are two separate substances that interact.

• Early Roots of Psychology

  • René Descartes, a French mathematician and philosopher from the 1600s, theorized that the body and mind are separate entities, a concept that came to be known as dualism.
  • According to dualism, the body is a physical entity with scientifically measurable behavior, while the mind is a spiritual entity that cannot be measured because it transcends the material world.
  • Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were English philosophers from the 17th century who disagreed with the concept of dualism.

• Describing Consciousness

  • The first and most important philosopher to address this conundrum was René Descartes in the 17th century, and his answer was termed Cartesian dualism.
  • The explanation behind Cartesian dualism is that consciousness resides within an immaterial domain he called res cogitans (the realm of thought), in contrast to the domain of material things, which he called res extensa (the realm of extension).

• Psychological Approaches to the Self

  • It is from this dualism that the concept of the self initially emerged in modern psychology.

• A History of Theories of Consciousness

  • The explanation he came up with was called Cartesian dualism; in short, consciousness resides within an immaterial domain he called res cogitans (the realm of thought), in contrast to the domain of material things, which he called res extensa (the realm of extension).

• Zoroastrianism

  • Zoroastrianism is one of the world's oldest religions, "combining a cosmogonic dualism and eschatological monotheism in a manner unique … among the major religions of the world."