Dred Scott v. Sandford

(noun)

A ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court that people of African descent brought into the United States and held as slaves (or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves) were not protected by the Constitution and were not U.S. citizens.

Related Terms

Examples of Dred Scott v. Sandford in the following topics:

  • The Dred Scott Decision

    • In Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford, the U.S.
    • Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford (1857), also known as the Dred Scott decision, was a ruling by the U.S.
    • Dred Scott was born a slave in Virginia sometime between 1795 and 1800.

  • From Property to Democracy

    • In some states, free men of color (though the property requirement in New York was eventually dropped for whites but not for blacks) also possessed the vote, a fact that was emphasized in Justice Curtis's dissent in Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford:

  • Race and Opportunity

    • In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled in the case of Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford.
    • Dred Scott, born a slave in Virginia in 1795, had been one of the thousands forced to relocate as a result of the massive internal slave trade and taken to the slave state of Missouri.
    • However, on appeal from Scott’s owner, the state Superior Court reversed the decision, and the Scotts remained slaves.
    • Dred Scott (1795–1858), plaintiff in the infamous Dred Scott v.

  • The Civil War Amendments

    • This overturned the Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford (1857) Supreme Court ruling that stated that Black people were not eligible for citizenship.

  • The Politics of Slavery

    • Supreme Court cases, such as the Dred Scott decision of 1857.
    • In 1846, Dred Scott, depicted in and his wife Harriet each sued for freedom in St.
    • The court ruled that, under the Constitution, Dred Scott (and any other slave) was not a citizen who had a right to sue in the Federal courts.
    • Dred Scott was an African-American slave in the United States who unsuccessfully sued for his freedom and that of his wife and their two daughters in the Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford case of 1857, popularly known as "the Dred Scott Decision. "

  • Laissez-Faire and the Supreme Court

    • In a series of cases starting with Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford (1857), the Supreme Court established that the Due Process Clause (found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments) is not merely a procedural guarantee, but also a substantive limitation on the type of control the government may exercise over individuals.
    • The Supreme Court had accepted the argument that the due process clause protected the right to contract seven years earlier, in Allgeyer v.
    • The Lochner era is often considered to have ended with West Coast Hotel Co. v.
    • Rufus Wheeler Peckham, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1895–1909), and author of the Court's opinion in Lochner v New York.

  • The Missouri Compromise

    • In the Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford case in 1857, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress did not have authority to prohibit slavery in territories and that those provisions of the Missouri Compromise were unconstitutional.

  • The Reconstruction Amendments

    • The Citizenship Clause overruled the Supreme Court's 1857 Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford ruling that blacks could not be citizens of the United States.
    • This clause was the basis for the 1954 Brown v.

  • Conclusion: The Increasing Inevitability of War

    • In Dred Scott v.
    • Sandford, the U.S.
    • For many Northerners, the Dred Scott decision implied that slavery could move, unhindered, into the North, whereas Southerners viewed the decision as a justification of their position.
    • The Dred Scott decision contributed to the Panic because many Northern financiers found it risky to invest in western territory with the possibility of slavery extending into new U.S. territories.

  • The Supreme Court as Policy Makers

    • The Supreme Court first established its power to declare laws unconstitutional in Marbury v.
    • Georgia (1793), the13th and 14th Amendments in effect overturned Dred Scott v.
    • Standford (1857), the 16th Amendment reversed Pollock v.
    • Farmers' Loan and Trust Co. (1895) and the 16th Amendment overturned some portions of Oregon v.
    • United States (1935), the Steel Seizure Case (1952) and United States v.