deuterostome

Examples of deuterostome in the following topics:

• Animal Characterization Based on Features of Embryological Development

  • These two groups are separated based on which opening of the digestive cavity develops first: mouth (protostomes) or anus (deuterostomes) .
  • Deuterostome originates from the word meaning "mouth second. " Deuterostomes include more complex animals such as chordates, but also some simple animals such as echinoderms.
  • Unlike protostomes, deuterostomes undergo indeterminate cleavage: cells remain undifferentiated until a later developmental stage.
  • This characteristic of deuterostomes is reflected in the existence of familiar embryonic stem cells, which have the ability to develop into any cell type.
  • In deuterostomes, the mesoderm pinches off to form the coelom in a process called enterocoely.

• Characteristics of Vertebrates

  • Animals that possess bilateral symmetry can be divided into two groups, protostomes and deuterostomes, based on their patterns of embryonic development.
  • The deuterostomes, whose name translates as "second mouth," consist of two phyla: Chordata and Echinodermata.
  • All chordates are deuterostomes, possessing a notochord.

• Molecular Analyses and Modern Phylogenetic Trees

  • For example, a previously-classified group of animals called lophophorates, which included brachiopods and bryozoans, were long-thought to be primitive deuterostomes.
  • More recent research into the acoelomorphs has called this hypothesis into question and suggested a closer relationship with deuterostomes.

• Constructing an Animal Phylogenetic Tree

  • The bilaterally-symmetrical animals are further divided into deuterostomes (including chordates and echinoderms) and two distinct clades of protostomes (including ecdysozoans and lophotrochozoans).