conscience

Examples of conscience in the following topics:

• The Role of Socialization

  • As children grow up, they are exposed to social cues that foster this norm, and they begin to form a conscience composed of this and other norms.
  • First, socialization teaches impulse control and helps individuals develop a conscience.
  • This first goal is accomplished naturally: as people grow up within a particular society, they pick up on the expectations of those around them and internalize these expectations to moderate their impulses and develop a conscience.

• Introduction to the Rules of the Game

  • Whether a society emphasizes the use of exchange, reciprocity or eminent domain to allocate resources, "Any economic system requires a set of rules, an ideology to justify them, and a conscience in the individual which makes him strive to carry them out" (Robinson, p 13).

• The Division of Labor

  • Durkheim suggested that in a "primitive" society, mechanical solidarity, with people acting and thinking alike and sharing a collective or common conscience, allows social order to be maintained.
  • In such a society, Durkheim viewed crime as an act that "offends strong and defined states of the collective conscience".
  • Because social ties were relatively homogeneous and weak throughout society, the law had to be repressive and penal, to respond to offenses of the common conscience.

• Social Control Theory

  • Nye focused on the family unit as a source of control and specified three types of control: (1) direct control, or the use of punishments and rewards to incentivize particular behaviors; (2) indirect control, or the affectionate identification with individuals who adhere to social norms; and (3) internal control, or the manipulation of an individual's conscience or sense of guilt to encourage conformity.
  • However, youth may be constrained when free from direct control by their anticipation of parental disapproval (indirect control), or through the development of a conscience, an internal constraint on behavior.
  • How do individuals develop a particular conscience that promotes social adherence?

• Individualism

  • Civil liberties are rights and freedoms that provide an individual specific rights such as the freedom from slavery and forced labor, freedom from torture and death, the right to liberty and security, right to a fair trial, the right to defend one's self, the right to own and bear arms, the right to privacy, freedom of conscience, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, and the right to marry and have a family.

• Environmental Management

  • The airline realized that they were suffering because travelers where making a conscience effort to avoid flying through Hong Kong due to long delays at immigration.

• Durkheim's Mechanical and Organic Solidarity

  • The two types of solidarity can be distinguished by formal and demographic features, type of norms in existence, and the intensity and content of the conscience collective.

• Mechanical and Organic Solidarity

  • Though traditional small towns, familial networks, and religious congregations are often cited examples of mechanical solidarity, dispersed religious communities would also qualify if they can be said to share a collective conscience.

• Religion in the U.S.

  • Speaking at the Toronto-based Center for New Religions, Wood said that the freedom of conscience and assembly allowed under such a system has led to a "remarkable religiosity" in the United States that isn't present in other industrialized nations.
  • Beyond that, individuals are free to decide how they want to believe and fill in their own creeds and express their conscience.

• The Right to Due Process

  • In 1934, the United States Supreme Court held that due process is violated "if a practice or rule offends some principle of justice so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental. " As construed by the courts, it includes an individual's right to be adequately notified of charges or proceedings, the opportunity to be heard at these proceedings, and that the person or panel making the final decision over the proceedings be impartial in regards to the matter before them.
  • For example, in 1934, the United States Supreme Court held that due process is violated "if a practice or rule offends some principle of justice so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental. " As construed by the courts, it includes an individual's right to be adequately notified of charges or proceedings, the opportunity to be heard at these proceedings, and that the person or panel making the final decision over the proceedings be impartial in regards to the matter before them.