cingulate gyrus

Examples of cingulate gyrus in the following topics:

• Limbic System

  • The septal nuclei receive reciprocal connections from the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, midbrain, habenula, cingulate gyrus, and thalamus.
  • Parahippocampal gyrus: Plays a role in the formation of spatial memory
  • Cingulate gyrus: Conducts autonomic functions regulating heart rate, blood pressure, and cognitive and attentional processing
  • Dentate gyrus: Thought to contribute to the formation of new memories

• The Limbic System

  • There are several important structures within the limbic system: the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and cingulate gyrus.
  • The cingulate gyrus is located in the medial side of the brain next to the corpus callosum.
  • There is still much to be learned about this gyrus, but it is known that its frontal part links smells and sights with pleasant memories of previous emotions.

• Brain: Midbrain and Brain Stem

  • The cingulate gyrus helps regulate emotions and pain.
  • It includes parts of the cerebral cortex located near the center of the brain, including the cingulate gyrus and the hippocampus as well as the thalamus, hypothalamus, and amygdala.

• Psychosurgery

  • Cingulotomy is a surgical procedure that severs the supracallosal fibers of the cingulum bundle, which pass through the anterior cingulate gyrus.

• Stress and Disease

  • Many areas of the brain appear to be involved in depression, including the frontal and temporal lobes and parts of the limbic system including the cingulate gyrus.

• Neurocognitive Disorders

  • This loss results in gross atrophy of the affected regions, including degeneration in the temporal lobe and parietal lobe, and parts of the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus.

• Biology of Emotion

  • Other parts of the limbic system include the olfactory bulbs, anterior nuclei, fornix, column of fornix, mammillary body, septum pellucidum, habenular commissure, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, limbic cortex, and limbic midbrain areas.

• Biology of Sexual Behavior

  • Beneath the cortex is the limbic system, which consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, and septal area.

• Human Language and the Brain

  • The angular gyrus, located in the parietal lobe of the brain, is responsible for several language processes, including number processing, spatial recognition and attention.
  • The areas of the brain necessary for processing language: Broca's area, Wernicke's area, the primary motor cortex, the posterior middle temporal gyrus, and the middle and posterior superior temporal gyrus.

• Mapping the Primary Somatosensory Area

  • The cortical sensory homunculus is located in the postcentral gyrus and provides a representation of the body to the brain.
  • The primary somesthetic cortex (sensory) pertains to the signals within the postcentral gyrus coming from the thalamus, and the primary motor cortex pertains to signals within the precentral gyrus coming from the premotor area of the frontal lobes.
  • Typically, the area of the body corresponds to a point on the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus).
  • Areas such as the viscera do not have sensory locations on the postcentral gyrus.
  • The postcentral gyrus is located in the parietal lobe of the human cortex and is the primary somatosensory region of the human brain.