biomarker

(noun)

a substance used as an indicator of a biological state, most commonly disease

Related Terms

  • fossil record
  • trace fossil
  • strata
  • fossiliferous

Examples of biomarker in the following topics:

  • Cancer Proteomics

    • An individual protein that indicates disease is called a biomarker, whereas a set of proteins with altered expression levels is called a protein signature .
    • The current problem with using biomarkers for the early detection of cancer is the high rate of false-negative results.
    • In other words, many cases of cancer go undetected, which makes biomarkers unreliable.
    • Some examples of protein biomarkers used in cancer detection are CA-125 for ovarian cancer and PSA for prostate cancer.
    • Protein signatures may be more reliable than biomarkers to detect cancer cells.
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid and Its Circulation

    • A 2010 study showed that analysis of CSF for three protein biomarkers can indicate the presence of Alzheimer's disease.
    • The three biomarkers are CSF amyloid beta 1-42, total CSF tau protein, and P-Tau181P.
    • In the study, the biomarker test showed good sensitivity, identifying 90% of persons with Alzheimer's disease, but poor specificity, as 36% of control subjects were positive for the biomarkers.
  • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

    • There is no diagnostic laboratory test or biomarker for CFS.
  • Tracking Cells with Light

    • GFP as biomarker is also useful in monitoring gene expression and protein localisation in bacterial cells.
  • The Fossil Record as Evidence for Evolution

    • Past life may also leave some markers that cannot be seen but can be detected in the form of biochemical signals; these are known as chemofossils or biomarkers.
  • Aging and the Immune System

  • Premature Infants

    • Fetal fibronectin has become the most important biomarker.
  • Proteomics

    • Moreover, an interesting use of proteomics is using specific protein biomarkers to diagnose disease.
  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

    • As the phospholipids of different groups of bacteria and fungi contain a variety of somewhat unique fatty acids, they can serve as useful biomarkers for such groups.
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