AIDS

(noun)

an infectious disease, caused by HIV, that causes the gradual degeneration of the body's immune system

Related Terms

  • immunodeficiency

Examples of AIDS in the following topics:

  • HIV and AIDS

    • HIV/AIDS results in high infection and mortality rates amidst inadequate distribution of preventative information and treatment.
    • In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there are 33.4 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS, with 2.7 million new HIV infections per year and 2.0 million annual deaths due to AIDS.
    • Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected by the global HIV/AIDS pandemic.
    • Many international organizations are working to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS and its mortality rate.
    • People infected with HIV/AIDS can be treated with anti-retroviral drugs.
  • HIV and AIDS

    • HIV/AIDS is a major health problem in many parts of the world.
    • The topic of religion and AIDS has become highly controversial in the past 20 years.
    • The virus and disease are often referred to together as HIV/AIDS.
    • In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there are 33.4 million people worldwide with HIV/AIDS; 2.7 million new HIV infections are reported per year along with two million annual deaths due to AIDS.
    • There is currently no publicly available HIV vaccine or cure for HIV or AIDS.
  • Political Art: LGBT Rights and the AIDS Crisis

    • The AIDS Crisis that started in the 1980s stigmatized the LGBT community who in turn protested with political art and activism.
    • AIDS was first clinically observed in 1981 in the United States.
    • Social action groups such as ACT UP also worked to raise awareness of the AIDS problem.
    • Patrick's Cathedral against New York Cardinal O'Connor's position on AIDS and contraception.
    • Queer Nation was another AIDS-focused activist organization, formed in 1990 in New York City by AIDS activists from ACT UP.
  • Practice 1: Goodness-of-Fit Test

    • The cumulative number of AIDS cases reported for Santa Clara County is broken down by ethnicity as follows: (Source: HIV/AIDS Epidemiology Santa Clara County, Santa Clara County Public Health Department, May 2011)
    • If the ethnicity of AIDS victims followed the ethnicity of the total county population, fill in the expected number of cases per ethnic group.
    • Perform a goodness-of-fit test to determine whether the make-up of AIDS cases follows the ethnicity of the general population of Santa Clara County.
    • Does it appear that the pattern of AIDS cases in Santa Clara County corresponds to the distribution of ethnic groups in this county?
  • The Poor, the Homeless, and the Victims of AIDS

    • President Reagan has been criticized for his political responses to poverty, homelessness, and the outbreak of the AIDS epidemic.
    • Perhaps the greatest criticism surrounds Reagan's silence about the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s.
    • During the press conference in 1985, Reagan expressed skepticism in allowing children with AIDS to continue in school.
    • During his 1987 speeches, Reagan supported modest educational funding on AIDS, increased AIDS testing for marriage licenses, and mandatory testing for high-risk groups.
    • Reagan was widely criticized for not supporting more active measures to contain the spread of HIV/AIDS.
  • Practice: Linear Regression

    • Below are real data for the first two decades of AIDS reporting.
    • NOTE: We will use the columns "year" and "# AIDS cases diagnosed" for all questions unless otherwise stated.
    • Graph "year" vs. "# AIDS cases diagnosed. " Plot the points on the graph located below in the section titled "Plot" .
    • What does the correlation imply about the relationship between time (years) and the number of diagnosed AIDS cases reported in the U.S.?
    • Why is "year" the independent variable and "# AIDS cases diagnosed. " the dependent variable (instead of the reverse)?
  • Cryptococcosis

    • People who have defects in their cell-mediated immunity; for example, people with AIDS; are especially susceptible to disseminated cryptococcosis.
    • Cryptococcosis is a defining opportunistic infection for AIDS.
    • The prevalence of cryptococcosis has been increasing over the past 20 years for many reasons, including the increase in incidence of AIDS and the expanded use of immunosuppressive drugs.
    • Treatment options in non-AIDS patients who have reduced immune-system function is not well studied.
    • Persons living with AIDS often have a greater chance of disease and higher mortality (30-70% at ten-weeks), but recommended therapy is with antifungal agents such as Amphotericin B and flucytosine.
  • Infectious Diseases Today and in the Developing World

    • Malaria is the second leading cause of death in Africa, after HIV/AIDS and is the fifth leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide.
    • The top three single agent/disease killers are HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
    • It is the second leading cause of death in Africa, after HIV/AIDS, and is the fifth leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide.
    • HIV/AIDS was introduced as an infectious disease during the 20th century and deaths due to HIV have increased fourfold since.
    • However, as HIV/AIDS has become a pandemic, it is better understood and is known to not just be isoloated to certain groups of people.
  • HIV and AIDS

    • HIV is the cause of the spectrum of disease known as HIV/AIDS.
    • The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986.
    • Stage 1: CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/uL and no AIDS defining conditions
    • Stage 2: CD4 count 200 to 500 cells/uL and no AIDS defining conditions
    • Stage 3: CD4 count ≤ 200 cells/uL or AIDS defining conditions
  • Secondary Immunodeficiency Diseases

    • Immunodeficiency is also the hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) , caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
    • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is defined in terms of either a CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells per µL or the occurrence of specific diseases in association with an HIV infection.
    • In the absence of specific treatment, around half the people infected with HIV develop AIDS within 10 years.
    • The most common initial conditions that alert to the presence of AIDS are pneumocystis pneumonia and cachexia.
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