uncertainty

Examples of uncertainty in the following topics:

• The Uncertainty Principle

  • The reasoning was derived from considering the uncertainty in both the position and the momentum of an object.
  • Roughly, the uncertainty in the position of a particle is approximately equal to its wavelength (λ).
  • The uncertainty in the momentum of the object follows from de Broglie's equation as h/λ.
  • Therefore, to a first approximation the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle gives that the product of these two uncertainties is on the order of Planck's constant (h).
  • Doc Physics - Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Derived and Explained - YouTube

• Exact Numbers

  • There is a degree of uncertainty any time you measure something.
  • For example, the weight of a particular sample is 0.825 g, but it may actually be 0.828 g or 0.821 g because there is inherent uncertainty involved.
  • On the other hand, because exact numbers are not measured, they have no uncertainty and an infinite numbers of significant figures.

• Indeterminacy and Probability Distribution Maps

  • This quantum uncertainty principle can also be expressed in terms of other variables.
  • Therefore the units involved in quantum uncertainty are on the order of Planck's constant (found experimentally to be 6.6 x 10−34 J·s).
  • Recall from the uncertainty principle that we cannot simultaneously know an electron's position and velocity—therefore we are unable to determine its trajectory.
  • The uncertainty principle prevents us from knowing how the electron gets from one place to another, and so an orbit really does not exist as such.

• Tiffeneau-Demjanov Rearrangement

  • This uncertainty can be removed by nitrous acid deamination of the corresponding 1º-aminoalcohols, as shown in the following equation.

• Conductors

  • This separation is comparable with the energy uncertainty due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for reasonably long intervals of time.

• Accuracy, Precision, and Error

  • All measurements are subject to error, which contributes to the uncertainty of the result.

• Microstates and Entropy

  • The interpretation of entropy is the measure of uncertainty, which remains about a system after its observable macroscopic properties, such as temperature, pressure, and volume, have been taken into account.

• Significant Figures

  • For example, it may not always be clear if a number like 1300 is precise to the nearest unit (and just happens coincidentally to be an exact multiple of a hundred) or if it is only shown to the nearest hundred due to rounding or uncertainty.

• Anomeric Forms of Monosaccharides

  • Fischer's brilliant elucidation of the configuration of glucose did not remove all uncertainty concerning its structure.

• Acid-Base Reactions

  • For both these groups, the reported pKa values extrapolated to water are approximate, and many have large uncertainties.