Biogeochemical Cycles

The elemental components of organic matter are cycled through the biosphere in an interconnected process called the biogeochemical cycle.

Water has a large effect on climate, ecosystems, and living organisms and is continuously cycled through the environment.

Carbon enters the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide via the carbon cycle and returns to organic carbon via photosynthesis.

Nitrogen is cycled through the earth via the multi-step process of nitrogen fixation, which is carried out by bacteria.

Phosphorus is an essential element of living things, but, in excess, it can cause damage to ecosystems.

Sulfur is deposited on land as precipitation, fallout, and rock weathering, and reintroduced when organisms decompose.