morphology

Examples of morphology in the following topics:

• Class Scyphozoa

  • Scyphozoans are free-swimming, polymorphic, dioecious, and carnivorous cnidarians with a prominent medusa morphology.
  • Scyphozoans display a characteristic bell-like morphology.

• Structure and Function of the Muscular System

  • The muscular system controls numerous functions, which is possible with the significant differentiation of muscle tissue morphology and ability.
  • Muscle tissue can be classified functionally as voluntary or involuntary and morphologically as striated or non-striated.
  • Morphologically skeletal myocytes are elongated and tubular and appear striated with multiple peripheral nuclei.

• Morphology of Sponges

  • The morphology of the simplest sponges takes the shape of a cylinder with a large central cavity, the spongocoel, occupying the inside of the cylinder .
  • The gel-like consistency of mesohyl acts as an endoskeleton, maintaining the tubular morphology of sponges.

• Viral Morphology

  • The most obvious difference between members of viral families is their morphology, which is quite diverse.

• Phylum Nemertea

  • Because of their contractility, they can change their morphological presentation in response to environmental cues.
  • Animals in phylum Nemertea also show a flattened morphology: they are flat from front to back, like a flattened tube.
  • This larval form, characteristically shaped like a deerstalker cap, devours tissues from the young worm for survival before metamorphosing into the adult-like morphology.

• Molecular Analyses and Modern Phylogenetic Trees

  • Previously, phylogenetic trees were constructed based on homologous and analogous morphology; however, with the advances in molecular biology, construction of phylogenetic trees is increasingly performed using data derived from molecular analyses.
  • Due to morphological similarities in their segmented body types, annelids and arthropods were once thought to be closely related.
  • These acoel flatworms were long thought to belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes because of their similar "flatworm" morphology.
  • Distinguish between morphological and molecular data in creating phylogenetic trees of animals

• Phylum Annelida

  • Annelids display bilateral symmetry and are worm-like in overall morphology.
  • They have a segmented body plan where the internal and external morphological features are repeated in each body segment.

• Archaeplastida

  • The charophytes are the closest-living relatives of land plants, resembling them in morphology and reproductive strategies.
  • Chlamydomonas is a simple, unicellular chlorophyte with a pear-shaped morphology and two opposing, anterior flagella that guide this protist toward light sensed by its eyespot.

• Sporophytes and Gametophytes in Seedless Plants

  • In contrast, heterosporous plants produce two morphologically different types of spores .
  • Heterosporous plants produce two morphologically different types of spores: microspores, which develop into the male gametophyte, and megaspores, which develop into the female gametophyte.

• Evolution of Land Plants

  • Paleobotany (the study of extinct plants) addresses these questions through the analysis of fossilized specimens retrieved from field studies, reconstituting the morphology of organisms that disappeared long ago.
  • Paleobotanists trace the evolution of plants by following the modifications in plant morphology, which sheds light on the connection between existing plants by identifying common ancestors that display the same traits.