humoral

Examples of humoral in the following topics:

• Humoral, Hormonal, and Neural Stimuli

  • The release of hormones can be triggered by changes in the blood ("humor"), by the actions of other hormones, or by neurological stimuli.
  • The term "humoral" is derived from the term "humour," which refers to bodily fluids, such as blood.
  • A humoral stimulus refers to the control of hormone release in response to changes in extracellular fluids, such as the ion concentration in the blood.

• Humoral Immune Response

  • The humoral immune response defends against pathogens that are free in the blood by using antibodies against pathogen-specific antigens.
  • The humoral immune response fights pathogens that are free in the bodily fluids, or "humours".
  • B cells are the major cell type involved in the humoral immune response.
  • Antibodies are the agents of humoral immunity.

• Cell-Mediated Immunity

  • Just as the humoral immune response has B cells which mediate its response, the cellular immune response has T cells, which recognize infected cells and destroy them before the pathogen inside can replicate and spread to infect other cells.
  • After a virus or bacteria enters a cell, it can no longer be detected by the humoral immune response.
  • A summary of how the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses are activated appears in .
  • Depending on the cytokines released, this activates either the humoral or the cell-mediated immune response.

• Antibody Functions

  • Antibodies, part of the humoral immune response, are involved in pathogen detection and neutralization.
  • Differentiated plasma cells are crucial players in the humoral immunity response.

• Anatomy of the Eye

  • Other structures like the aqueous humor and the vitreous humor help maintain the shape of the eye.

• Antigen-presenting Cells: B and T cells

  • There are two types of adaptive responses: the cell-mediated immune response, which is controlled by activated T cells, and the humoral immune response, which is controlled by activated B cells and antibodies.
  • B cells are involved in the humoral immune response, which targets pathogens loose in blood and lymph, while T cells are involved in the cell-mediated immune response, which targets infected cells.

• Hypersensitivities

  • Most types of autoimmunity involve the humoral immune response.