equatorial division

(noun)

a process of nuclear division in which each chromosome divides equally such that the number of chromosomes remains the same from parent to daughter cells

Related Terms

  • ploidy
  • reduction division

Examples of equatorial division in the following topics:

  • Comparing Meiosis and Mitosis

    • Mitosis and meiosis are both forms of division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
    • The nuclei resulting from a mitotic division are genetically identical to the original nucleus.
    • For this reason, meiosis I is referred to as a reduction division.
    • Meiosis II is much more similar to a mitotic division.
    • Meiosis II is, therefore, referred to as equatorial division.
  • Meiosis I

    • In nearly all species of animals and some fungi, cytokinesis separates the cell contents via a cleavage furrow (constriction of the actin ring that leads to cytoplasmic division).
    • Two haploid cells are the end result of the first meiotic division.
    • In this case, there are two possible arrangements at the equatorial plane in metaphase I.
  • The Mitotic Phase and the G0 Phase

    • The first portion of the mitotic phase is called karyokinesis or nuclear division.
    • Karyokinesis, also known as mitosis, is divided into a series of phases (prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase) that result in the division of the cell nucleus .
    • During metaphase, the "change phase," all the chromosomes are aligned in a plane called the metaphase plate, or the equatorial plane, midway between the two poles of the cell.
    • Cytokinesis, or "cell motion," is the second main stage of the mitotic phase during which cell division is completed via the physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells.
    • Division is not complete until the cell components have been apportioned and completely separated into the two daughter cells.
  • Gene Expression in Stem Cells

    • Symmetric division maintains stem cell lines and asymmetric division yields differentiated cells.
    • Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells found in multicellular organisms, that can differentiate into specialized cells (asymmetric division) or can divide to produce more stem cells (symmetric division).
    • This mechanism is known as extrinsic asymmetric cell division.
    • The term asymmetric cell division usually refers to such intrinsic asymmetric divisions.
    • This diagram illustrates stem cell division and differentiation, through the processes of (1) symmetric stem cell division, (2) asymmetric stem cell division, (3) progenitor division, and (4) terminal differentiation.
  • Tropical Wet Forest and Savannas

    • Tropical wet forests, also referred to as tropical rainforests, are found in equatorial regions .
    • Tropical wet forests are depicted in green and are usually found at equatorial regions.
  • The Role of the Cell Cycle

    • Trillions of cell divisions subsequently occur in a controlled manner to produce a complex, multicellular human.
    • Single-celled organisms use cell division as their method of reproduction.
    • But what triggers a cell to divide and how does it prepare for and complete cell division?
    • Cells on the path to cell division proceed through a series of precisely timed and carefully regulated stages of growth, DNA replication, and division that produces two identical (clone) cells.
    • After four rounds of cell division, (b) there are 16 cells, as seen in this SEM image.
  • Introduction to Meiosis

    • Meiosis is the nuclear division of diploid cells into haploid cells, which is a necessary step in sexual reproduction.
    • Therefore, sexual reproduction includes a nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosome sets.
    • Haploid cells that are part of the sexual reproductive cycle are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis.
    • Thus, meiosis I is the first round of meiotic division and consists of prophase I, prometaphase I, and so on.
    • Meiosis II, the second round of meiotic division, includes prophase II, prometaphase II, and so on.
  • Regulation of the Cell Cycle by External Events

    • External factors can influence the cell cycle by inhibiting or initiating cell division.
    • Both the initiation and inhibition of cell division are triggered by events external to the cell when it is about to begin the replication process.
    • A lack of HGH can inhibit cell division, resulting in dwarfism, whereas too much HGH can result in gigantism .
    • Crowding of cells can also inhibit cell division.
    • Another factor that can initiate cell division is the size of the cell; as a cell grows, it becomes inefficient due to its decreasing surface-to-volume ratio.
  • The Major Divisions of Land Plants

  • Types of Root Systems and Zones of Growth

    • The root tip has three main zones: a zone of cell division, a zone of elongation, and a zone of maturation.
    • The root tip can be divided into three zones: a zone of cell division, a zone of elongation, and a zone of maturation .
    • The zone of cell division is closest to the root tip and is made up of the actively-dividing cells of the root meristem, which contains the undifferentiated cells of the germinating plant.
    • A longitudinal view of the root reveals the zones of cell division, elongation, and maturation.
    • Cell division occurs in the apical meristem.
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